High-precision modeling of the interactions of particles with media is important across many physical sciences, enabling and accelerating new findings. Similar to complex weather or cosmological modeling, the detailed simulation of subatomic particle collisions and interactions, as captured by detectors at the LHC, is a computationally demanding task, which annually requires billions of CPU hours, constituting more than half of the LHC experiments' computing resources [1-3]. The Nobel-prize-winning Higgs boson discovery [4, 5] would not have been possible without extensive simulation. Before its experimental observation, its fundamental properties, such as its mass, were unknown, but synthetic particle collisions could be generated to simulate the outcome of various measurements under different model assumptions. Today, as several questions remain unanswered about the nature of known particles (such as neutrinos) and hypothetical ones (such as the supersymmetric partners of the Standard Model particles), modern nuclear and particle physics research continues to strongly depend on detailed simulations for developing analysis techniques, interpreting results, and designing new experiments.